Xenophon's The Apology is his account of the speech Socrates gave to defend himself at his trial in 399 BCE. It's not a play-by-play of the entire event, but focuses on Socrates' words and attitude. Unlike Plato's more philosophical version, Xenophon's Socrates is practical and defiantly proud.

The Story

Socrates stands before the Athenian jury. The charges are serious: not believing in the city's gods and corrupting the young men of Athens. Everyone expects him to beg for mercy, to cry, to bring his family to court to win sympathy. He does none of that. Instead, he talks about his divine mission, his role as a philosophical gadfly stinging the city awake. He argues that a life spent pursuing wisdom and virtue is a life well-lived, and he won't trade that for a longer, quieter existence. He practically tells the jury that condemning him would be a bigger mistake for Athens than for him. In the end, he's found guilty and sentenced to death. Xenophon includes a fascinating section after the verdict, where Socrates explains to his friends why he didn't use emotional tactics to win an acquittal, framing his death as a preferable escape from the frailties of old age.

Why You Should Read It

This book is gripping because of its stark portrayal of character. This Socrates isn't just a wise teacher; he's a stubborn, almost arrogant man who is utterly convinced of the rightness of his path. Reading it feels like watching a train wreck in slow motion—you know the outcome, but you're mesmerized by his refusal to swerve. The central theme is incredible: what does it mean to be true to yourself when the whole world says you're wrong? It's a short, potent meditation on principle versus survival. I found myself both admiring his courage and wanting to shout at him to just play the game for once. That tension makes it a compelling human drama, not just a historical document.

Final Verdict

This is a perfect pick for anyone curious about ancient history, philosophy, or timeless stories of moral courage. It's especially great if you've read Plato's Apology and want to see the 'other' version—it adds layers and questions to the familiar story. Because it's so short (you can read it in one sitting), it's also ideal for busy readers or those new to classical texts. Don't expect a full trial transcript or a deep philosophical treatise. Do expect a vivid, character-driven snapshot of a man meeting his fate on his own uncompromising terms.